Writing instrument

ABSTRACT

Provided is a thermochromic writing instrument, comprising: a writing body, storing a thermochromic ink therein, stored in a barrel; an operation body provided in the barrel to be operated to longitudinally move the writing body; a nib of the writing body configured to be capable of appearing from a front end of the writing instrument, wherein the writing instrument further includes a friction unit, rubbing handwriting in the thermochromic ink and capable of thermally changing the color of the handwriting by frictional heat generated at that time, and at least one clip body as the operation body, the friction unit is provided at a rear end of the barrel, and the clip body is provided in an area other than the rear end of the barrel.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This Application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser.No. 13/576,826, filed on Aug. 2, 2012, which is a Section 371 NationalStage Application of International Application No. PCT/JP2011/051905,filed Jan. 31, 2011 and published as WO 2011/096357 A1 on Aug. 11, 2011,in Japanese, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by referencein their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a writing instrument. Specifically, itrelates to a thermochromic writing instrument having a writing bodystoring a thermochromic ink therein, having a front end of the writingbody provided with a nib capable of ejecting the thermochromic ink,storing the writing body longitudinally movably in a barrel, andconfiguring the nib of the writing body capable of appearing from afront end hole of the barrel.

BACKGROUND ART

Patent Document 1 discloses a thermochromic writing instrument storing awriting body longitudinally movably in a barrel, provided with anoperation unit on an outer surface of the barrel, configuring a nib ofthe writing body capable of appearing from a front end hole of thebarrel by operating the operation unit, storing a thermochromic inkinside the writing body, provided with a nib capable of ejecting thethermochromic ink at a front end of the writing body, and provided witha friction unit, on an outer surface of the barrel, rubbing handwritingin the thermochromic ink and capable of thermally changing the color ofthe handwriting by frictional heat generated at that time.

In Patent Document 1 above, in a case of providing a friction unit in anoperation unit at a rear end of the barrel in a type to push theoperation unit forward, when friction operating using the friction unit,there is a risk of moving the operation unit forward by a writtensurface and thus not allowing a stable friction operation. Inparticular, when adopting an appearance mechanism of a type of pushoperating the operation unit forward (so-called double knock type) forboth a nib projection operation and a nib retraction operation and alsoproviding the friction unit in the operation unit, there is a risk oflongitudinally shaking an operation body in a nib projection conditionand thus not allowing a stable friction operation.

FIG. 12 in Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration provided with atubular operation unit longitudinally movably, provided with a projectedclip, capable of sandwiching a pocket or the like, on an outer surfaceof the tubular operation unit, and provided with a friction unit on anouter surface at the rear end of the tubular operation unit. However,since a thermochromic writing instrument of this configuration pushesthe friction unit at the time of a nib appearance operation, there is arisk of contaminating the friction unit with hand grime and the like.Then, in a case of rubbing handwriting in a thermochromic ink with thefriction unit in a contaminated condition, there is a risk ofcontaminating the written surface (for example, paper surface) havingthe handwriting.

FIG. 15 in Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration provided with anappearance mechanism of a configuration to put from a nib retractioncondition into a nib projection condition (so-called side slidingmulti-cartridge type) by having an operation unit projected radiallyoutward from a side wall of a barrel and by push operating the operationunit forward against a backward bias, and provided with a friction uniton an outer surface at a rear end of the barrel. However, in athermochromic writing instrument of this configuration, when puttingfrom a nib projection condition into a nib retraction condition (whenreleasing the nib projection condition), an operation body attached toanother writing body has to be operated. Therefore, a plurality ofoperation bodies (that is, a plurality of projections) is required to beprovided, and the degree of freedom for appearance design is reduced.Further, when the barrel is provided with a clip capable of sandwichinga pocket or the like, projections increase even more and the degree offreedom for appearance design is reduced.

-   Patent Document 1: WO 2008/105227 publication

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is to solve the conventional problems and it is anobject of the present invention to provide a thermochromic writinginstrument enabling a stable friction operation using a friction unit,and further possible to avoid contaminating the friction unit with handgrime and the like, and moreover increasing the degree of freedom forappearance design.

In addition to above, it is an object of the present invention toprovide a thermochromic writing instrument exhibiting the followingactions and effects:

-   (1) a user can easily learn an operation method, and the operation    method is simple;-   (2) a clip body can easily be inserted into a slide hole;-   (3) the entire barrel can be avoided to become unnecessarily long;-   (4) even when gripping near the clip body in a nib projection    condition, a stable friction operation is possible;-   (5) as a sandwiching performance of the clip body improves, a wobble    of the clip body can be prevented; and-   (6) when putting from a nib projection condition into a nib    retraction condition, the impact applied to a writing body can be    alleviated.

To achieve the above objects, a thermochromic writing instrumentaccording to an embodiment of the present invention is configured with:a writing body, storing a thermochromic ink therein, stored in a barrel;an operation body provided in the barrel to be operated tolongitudinally move the writing body ; a nib of the writing bodyconfigured to be capable of appearing from a front end of the writinginstrument, wherein the writing instrument further includes a frictionunit, rubbing handwriting in the thermochromic ink and capable ofthermally changing the color of the handwriting by frictional heatgenerated at that time, and at least one clip body as the operationbody, the friction unit is provided at a rear end of the barrel, and theclip body is provided in an area other than the rear end of the barrel.

In addition, to achieve the above objects, a writing instrumentaccording to another embodiment of the present invention is configuredwith: a writing body stored in a barrel; an operation body provided inthe barrel to be operated to longitudinally move the writing body; and anib of the writing body configured to be capable of appearing from afront end of a writing instrument, wherein the writing instrumentfurther includes at least one clip body as the operation body, alongitudinally extending slide hole provided in a side wall of thebarrel, and an appearance mechanism putting the nib of the writing bodyfrom a retraction condition into a projection condition by slideoperating the clip body placed in the slide hole forward, and the barrelincludes a plurality of components capable of being coupled to eachother, a first or second long hole longitudinally extending and openedforward or backward is provided respectively on respective side walls oftwo of the components configuring the barrel, and when coupling the twocomponents, the first and second long holes form the slide hole incommunication with each other.

Further, to achieve the above objects, a writing instrument according tostill another embodiment of the present invention is configured with: awriting body stored in a barrel; an operation body provided in thebarrel to be operated to longitudinally move the writing body; and a nibof the writing body configured to be capable of appearing from a frontend of a writing instrument, wherein the writing instrument furtherincludes a longitudinally extending slide hole provided in a side wallof the barrel and an appearance mechanism putting the nib of the writingbody from a retraction condition into a projection condition by slideoperating the operation body placed in the slide hole forward, thebarrel includes therein, as the appearance mechanism, a plurality oflongitudinally extending cam teeth and cam grooves alternately placedalong a circumferential direction, a rotary member having a plurality ofprojected ribs rotatably placed in a rear of the writing body andcapable of alternately engaging with the cam teeth or the cam grooves,another plurality of cam teeth provided in the operation body andturning the rotary member, and an biasing member biasing the writingbody backward, the operation body is provided with a longitudinallyextending stem stored in the barrel, and the stem and the rotary memberare locked to each other in a condition having longitudinal allowance,and by slide operating the operation body forward against a biasingforce of the biasing member, the projected ribs are alternately engagedwith the cam teeth or the cam grooves at longitudinally differentpositions to alternately put the nib of the writing body in theprojection condition or the retraction condition.

Herein, “front” means a nib side, and “rear” means the other side. Inaddition, herein, “a nib retraction condition” means a condition of anib retracted into a barrel, and “a nib projection condition” means acondition of a nib projecting outward from a front end of the barrel.Still herein, “a nib retraction operation” means an operation of puttingfrom a nib projection condition into a nib retraction condition, and “anib projection operation” means an operation of putting from a nibretraction condition into a nib projection condition.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view illustrating a nib retraction condition in FirstEmbodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating a nib projection condition of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a front barrel ofFIG. 1.

FIG. 6A is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an intermediatebarrel of FIG. 1.

FIG. 6B is an enlarged side view of a rotary member.

FIG. 7A is an enlarged side view of a friction unit of FIG. 1.

FIG. 7B is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a rear barrel ofFIG. 1.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of a clip body of FIG. 1.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view illustrating anotherembodiment of a clip body of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory chart illustrating discoloration behaviors ofa thermochromic ink.

FIG. 11 is a side view illustrating a nib retraction condition in SecondEmbodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a front view of in FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a side view illustrating a nib projection condition of FIG.11.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 11.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. 14 taken on an A-A line.

FIG. 16 is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. 14 taken on a B-B line.

FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the nib projection conditionof FIG. 11.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a front barrel ofFIG. 11.

FIG. 19 is an enlarged front view of an intermediate barrel of FIG. 11.

FIG. 20A is a sectional view taken on a C-C line in FIG. 19.

FIG. 20B is a sectional view taken on a D-D line in FIG. 19.

FIG. 20C is a sectional view taken on an E-E line in FIG. 19.

FIG. 20D is a sectional view taken on an F-F line in FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the intermediatebarrel of FIG. 11.

FIG. 22 is an enlarged front view of a rear barrel of FIG. 11.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view taken on a G-G line in FIG. 22.

FIG. 24 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the rear barrel ofFIG. 11.

FIG. 25 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view illustrating acondition of attaching the rear barrel and a friction unit of FIG. 11.

FIG. 26 is an enlarged front view of principal parts omitting a clipbody of FIG. 11.

FIG. 27 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the clip body ofFIG. 11.

FIG. 28 is an enlarged side view of a clip body main part eliminating acylindrical body of the clip body of FIG. 11.

FIG. 29 is an enlarged front view of the cylindrical body of the clipbody of FIG. 11.

FIG. 30 is an enlarged plan view of the cylindrical body of the clipbody of FIG. 11.

FIG. 31 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the cylindricalbody of the clip body of FIG. 11.

FIG. 32 is an enlarged front view of a rotary member of FIG. 11.

FIG. 33 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the rotary memberof FIG. 11.

FIG. 34A is an exploded view illustrating the clip body main part ofFIG. 11.

FIG. 34B is an exploded view illustrating the cylindrical body of FIG.11.

FIG. 34C is an exploded view illustrating the rotary member of FIG. 11.

FIG. 34D is an exploded view illustrating the rear barrel of FIG. 11.

FIG. 34E is an exploded view illustrating the intermediate barrel ofFIG. 11.

FIG. 35 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of principal parts inthe nib projection condition (FIG. 17) of FIG. 11.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Overall Description

To achieve the above objects, a thermochromic writing instrumentaccording to an embodiment of the present invention is configured with:a writing body, storing a thermochromic ink therein, stored in a barrel;an operation body provided in the barrel to be operated tolongitudinally move the writing body; a nib of the writing bodyconfigured to be capable of appearing from a front end of the writinginstrument, wherein the writing instrument further includes a frictionunit, rubbing handwriting in the thermochromic ink and capable ofthermally changing the color of the handwriting by frictional heatgenerated at that time, and at least one clip body as the operationbody, the friction unit is provided at a rear end of the barrel, and theclip body is provided in an area other than the rear end of the barrel.

According to the above configuration, the friction unit is provided atthe rear end of the barrel independently of the clip body (operationbody), so that the friction unit does not move forward during a frictionoperation, and the friction operation using the friction unit becomesstable. In addition, since it is not required to touch the friction unitduring a nib appearance operation, it is possible to avoid contaminationof the friction unit with hand grime and the like.

It is preferred to configure the thermochromic writing instrument of thepresent invention such that the writing instrument includes only asingle of the clip body as the operation body, and by operating thesingle clip body, the nib of the writing body is enabled to be put in aprojection condition and a retraction condition.

According to the above configuration, the nib appearance operation canbe carried out with the single clip body, and it is not required toprovide a plurality of operation bodies (that is, a plurality ofprojections) in the barrel. Further, the clip body, which is theoperation body, also serves as a clip capable of sandwiching a pocket orthe like, so that the projections as the operation body can beeliminated for appearance, which increases the degree of freedom fordesigning the thermochromic writing instrument to enable obtaining aneat appearance.

In the thermochromic writing instrument of the present inventiondescribed above, the barrel may also include a plurality of componentscapable of being coupled to each other, and in this case, a portionincluding the rear end of the barrel may also include a rear barrel asthe components and the rear end of the rear barrel may also have aconfiguration provided with the friction unit. That is, the barrelconfiguring the present thermochromic writing instrument may be onetubular body and may also be a plurality of components coupled to eachother to make a tubular body.

It is preferred to configure the thermochromic writing instrument of thepresent invention such that a longitudinally extending slide hole isprovided in a side wall of the barrel and the writing instrument furtherincludes an appearance mechanism putting the nib of the writing bodyfrom a retraction condition into a projection condition by slideoperating the clip body placed in the slide hole forward.

According to the above configuration, by slide operating the clip bodyforward, the nib can be put in a projection condition and in aretraction condition (appearance mechanism of so-called double knocktype), so that the operation method is simple and a user can easilylearn the operation method.

It is preferred to configure the thermochromic writing instrument of thepresent invention such that the barrel includes two or more componentscapable of being coupled to each other, a first or second longitudinallyextending long hole having an open front or rear end is providedrespectively on respective side walls of two of the componentsconfiguring the barrel, and when coupling the two components, the firstand second long holes form the slide hole in communication with eachother.

According to the above configuration, in a case of forming the slidehole with, for example, the first long hole opened backward and thesecond long hole opened forward, when coupling the two of the componentsconfiguring the barrel (that is, when forming the slide hole), anattachment portion of the clip body can easily be inserted into theslide hole via the open ends of the first and second long holes, whichenables to efficiently assembly the clip body and the barrel.

It is preferred to configure the thermochromic writing instrument of thepresent invention such that each side wall of the two componentsconfiguring the barrel is coupled to each other so as to overlapradially with each other, and the first and second long holes form theslide hole in communication with each other in a condition radiallyoverlapping with each other.

According to the above configuration, the first and second long holesare communicated with each other in a condition radially overlappingwith each other, so that it is possible to avoid the entire barrelbecoming unnecessarily long. That is, the overlapped portions of thefirst and second long holes do not affect the entire length of the slidehole. The “radially overlapping” configuration is described later indetail with a specific example.

It is more preferred to configure the thermochromic writing instrumentof the present invention such that the clip body is assembled with theslide hole through the steps of: inserting a base portion of the clipbody into the first long hole provided in one of the componentsconfiguring the barrel; and forming the slide hole by, while insertingthe base portion of the clip body into the second long hole provided inanother of the components configuring the barrel, coupling the othercomponent to the one component to communicate the second long hole withthe first long hole.

According to the above configuration, in addition to being enabled toeasily insert the clip body into the slide hole, it becomes possible toeasily carry out alignment of the first and second long holes andcoupling of one component to another component using the base portion ofthe clip body inserted into the first long hole as a guide.

It is preferred to configure the thermochromic writing instrument of thepresent invention such that the writing instrument includes a cammechanism in the barrel as the appearance mechanism, the cam mechanismincludes a cam and a projection capable of alternately engaging witheach other at longitudinally different positions, and by slide operatingthe clip body forward, the cam and the projection are alternatelyengaged with each other at longitudinally different positions toalternately put the nib of the writing body in the projection conditionor the retraction condition.

More preferably, it may also be configured such that the barrel includestherein, as the appearance mechanism, a plurality of longitudinallyextending cam teeth and cam grooves alternately placed along acircumferential direction, a rotary member having a plurality ofprojected ribs rotatably placed in a rear of the writing body andcapable of alternately engaging with the cam teeth or the cam grooves,another plurality of cam teeth provided in the clip body and turning therotary member, and an biasing member biasing the writing body backward,and by slide operating the clip body forward against a biasing force ofthe biasing member, the projected ribs are alternately engaged with thecam teeth or the cam grooves to alternately put the nib of the writingbody in the projection condition or the retraction condition.

According to such configuration, utilizing the cam mechanism, anappearance mechanism of a double knock type can be configured that canput the nib in a projection condition and in a retraction condition onlyby slide operating the clip body forward, and thus the operation methodof the present thermochromic writing instrument becomes extremely simpleand a user can easily learn the operation method.

It is preferred to configure the present thermochromic writinginstrument such that the clip body is stored in the barrel and having alongitudinally extending stem, and the stem and the rotary member arelocked to each other in a condition having longitudinal allowance.

According to such configuration, the stem of the clip body and therotary member are locked together in a condition having longitudinalallowance, so that a backward movement of the clip body moved forward ofthe slide hole is inhibited in the nib projection condition (that is, ina case of engaging the cam teeth with the projected ribs in the front).As a result, in a case of carrying out a friction operation in the nibprojection condition, even when gripping near the clip body, the clipbody does not move inadvertently and a stable friction operation isenabled.

It is preferred to configure the present thermochromic writinginstrument such that a longitudinally extending guide groove is formedon the outer surface of the barrel forward of the slide hole, aprojected bump is provided on a front inner surface of the clip body,and the bump longitudinally slides in the guide groove in associationwith a longitudinal movement of the clip body.

According to the above configuration, since the bump slides along theguide groove to guide the clip body longitudinally when slide operatingthe clip body, a lateral (circumferential) wobble of the clip body canbe prevented. In addition, when the clip body sandwiches a sandwichedobject, such as a pocket of clothing or a pocket book, the sandwichedobject is sandwiched between the bump and the guide groove, so that thesandwiching performance of the clip body improves.

It is preferred to configure the present thermochromic writinginstrument such that the friction unit is made with an elastic material,and a portion of the friction unit abuts on the clip body in a nibretraction condition.

According to the above configuration, since the clip body moved backwardof the slide hole abuts on the friction unit made with an elasticmaterial when the nib is put from the projection condition into the nibretraction condition, the impact applied to the writing body at thistime can be alleviated. As a result, it is enabled to prevent a backflow of the ink in the writing body and mixing of an air from the nib.

The present thermochromic writing instrument is configured such that thefriction unit is made with an elastic material and is fastened to therear end of the barrel or a rear end of the rear barrel by pressfitting, engaging, screwing, fitting, adhesion, and two color molding,or an entire of the barrel or an entire of the rear barrel is formedwith the elastic material as the friction unit.

According to the above configuration, the friction unit can be fixed tothe rear end of the barrel sufficiently strongly, and thus the frictionunit does not move backward or fall off during a friction operation,which makes a friction operation using the friction unit stable.

A description is given below to more specific embodiments <1> through<14> of the present invention with reference to reference numerals inFIGS. 1 through 35.

<1> A thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to First Embodimentis configured with: a thermochromic ink stored inside a writing body 9;a nib 91 capable of ejecting the thermochromic ink provided at a frontend of the writing body 9; a barrel 2 storing the writing body 9longitudinally movably in a backwardly biased condition therein; and afront end hole 31 of the barrel 2 configured to allow the nib 91 of thewriting body 9 to appear therefrom, wherein a longitudinally extendingslide hole 21 is provided in a side wall of the barrel 2, a clip body 7is projected radially outward from the slide hole 21, the clip body 7 isconfigured to become longitudinally movable along the slide hole 21, thewriting instrument further includes an appearance mechanism putting thenib 91 in a projection condition from the front end hole 31 of thebarrel 2 by slide operating the clip body 7 forward from a nibretraction condition, and putting the nib 91 in the retraction conditionby operating the clip body 7 from the nib projection condition, and afriction unit 10 rubbing handwriting in the thermochromic ink andcapable of thermally changing the color of the handwriting by frictionalheat generated at that time is provided at a rear end of the barrel 2.

In the thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to First Embodiment,the friction unit 10 is provided at the rear end of the barrel 2, sothat the backward movement of the friction unit 10 is inhibited during afriction operation, and thus a stable friction operation is enabledusing the friction unit 10. In addition, in the thermochromic writinginstrument 1 according to First Embodiment, the clip body 7 is providedwith the operation unit for a nib appearance operation and the frictionunit 10 is independent of the clip body 7 (operation unit), so that theclip body 7, not the friction unit 10, is operated when appearing thenib 91, and thus contamination of the friction unit 10 with hand grimeand the like can be avoided. Still in addition, although thethermochromic writing instrument 1 according to First Embodiment isprovided with the clip body 7 on the outer surface of the barrel 2,there are less projections compared with a thermochromic writinginstrument of a conventional side sliding multi-cartridge type, and thedegree of freedom for appearance design increases to allow obtaining aneat appearance.

In the present invention, the clip body 7 is capable of sandwiching asandwiched object, such as a pocket of clothing or a pocket book,between it and the outer surface of the barrel 2. In the presentinvention, the friction unit 10 may have a configuration of fixing thefriction unit 10 to the rear end of the barrel 2 at least during afriction operation, and the friction unit 10 may also have aconfiguration, for example, of appearing from the rear end of the barrel2 by an operation other than the nib appearance operation. In thepresent invention, to operate the clip body 7 from the nib projectioncondition means an operation of releasing the nib projection condition,and may include, for example, to slide operate the clip body 7 forward,to push operate the clip body 7 radially inward, or to rotation operatethe clip body 7. In the present invention, during a friction operationmeans the time period of friction operating using the friction unit 10.During the friction operation, it may be either in the nib projectioncondition or the nib retraction condition.

<2> A thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Second Embodimentis configured such that, in the writing instrument 1 of the firstinvention, the appearance mechanism is a side sliding appearancemechanism using a rotary cam mechanism, includes a cam 41 formed on aninner surface of the barrel 2, a rotary member 6 engaged with the cam 41and abutting on a rear end of the writing body 9, the clip body 7provided with cam teeth 73 a, 74 a engaged with the rotary member 6, andan biasing member 8 stored in the barrel 2 and biasing the writing body9 backward, and is a type of slide operating the clip body 7 forward forboth a nib projection operation and a nib retraction operation.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Second Embodimenthas the appearance mechanism of a side sliding appearance mechanismusing a rotary cam mechanism and both the nib projection operation andthe nib retraction operation are the type of slide operating the clipbody 7 forward (appearance mechanism of so-called double knock type),and thus the operation method is simple and a user can easily learn theoperation method.

<3> A thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Third Embodimentis configured such that, in the thermochromic writing instrument 1 ofthe first or second invention, the barrel 2 includes a front barrel 3,an intermediate barrel 4 coupled to a rear end of the front barrel 3,and a rear barrel 5 coupled to a rear end of the intermediate barrel 4,a front end hole 31 allowing the nib 91 to appear is provided at a frontend of the front barrel 3, a cam 41 is provided on an inner surface ofthe intermediate barrel 4, a first long hole 44 opened backward andlongitudinally extending is provided at the rear end of the intermediatebarrel 4, a second long hole 51 opened forward and longitudinallyextending is provided with at a front end of the rear barrel 5, the rearend of the intermediate barrel 4 and the front end of the rear barrel 5are coupled to communicate the first long hole 44 with the second longhole 51, the slide hole 21 is formed in the side wall of the barrel 2 bythe first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51, and the frictionunit 10 is provided at a rear end of the rear barrel 5.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Third Embodiment hasthe slide hole 21 formed by the first long hole 44 opened backward andthe second long hole 51 opened forward, so that the clip body 7 can beinserted into the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 whencoupling the intermediate barrel 4 and the rear barrel 5 (that is, whenforming the slide hole 21) and the clip body 7 can easily be insertedinto the slide hole 21, which enables easy insertion and assembly of theclip body 7 and the barrel 2.

<4> A thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Fourth Embodimentis configured such that, in the thermochromic writing instrument 1 ofthe third invention, a side wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and a sidewall of the rear barrel 5 are coupled to radially overlap with eachother, and the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 areradially communicated with each other.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Fourth Embodimenthas the side wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the side wall of therear barrel 5 coupled to each other so as to overlap radially with eachother and has the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 so asto communicate with each other radially, so that it is possible to avoidthe entire barrel 2 from becoming unnecessarily long. In the presentinvention, to have the side wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and theside wall of the rear barrel 5 coupled to each other so as to overlapradially with each other may include, for example, a configuration ofcoupling (for example, fitting or screwing) the outer surface of theside wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the inner surface of the sidewall of the rear barrel 5 so as to overlap radially, or a configurationof coupling (for example, fitting or screwing) the inner surface of theside wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the outer surface of the sidewall of the rear barrel 5 so as to overlap radially. The configurationof coupling the side wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the side wallof the rear barrel 5 so as to overlap radially with each other may be aconfiguration of coupling at least a portion of the side wall of theintermediate barrel 4 and a portion of the side wall of the rear barrel5 so as to overlap radially with each other.

<5> A thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Fifth Embodimentis configured such that, in the thermochromic writing instrument 1 ofthe second, third, or fourth invention, the clip body 7 has alongitudinally extending stem 73 stored in the barrel 2, and the stem 73and the rotary member 6 are longitudinally locked in a condition beingrotatable to each other and having longitudinal allowance to each other.

In the thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Fifth Embodiment,the clip body 7 has the longitudinally extending stem 73 stored in thebarrel 2 and the stem 73 and the rotary member 6 are longitudinallylocked in a condition of being rotatable to each other and havinglongitudinal allowance to each other, so that in the nib projectioncondition, the rotary member 6 is locked with the cam teeth 41 a of thecam 41 and a backward movement of the rotary member 6 is inhibited andalso an inadvertent longitudinal movement of the clip body 7 issuppressed. As a result, even when gripping near the clip body 7 in thenib projection condition, a stable friction operation is enabled.

<6> A thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Sixth Embodimentis configured such that, in the thermochromic writing instrument 1 ofany of the first through fifth inventions, a longitudinally extendingguide groove 48 is formed on an outer surface of the barrel 2 forward ofthe slide hole 21, a projected bump 71 a is provided on a front innersurface of the clip body 7, and the bump 71 a longitudinally slides inthe guide groove 48 in association with a longitudinal movement of theclip body 7.

In the thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Sixth Embodiment,the longitudinally extending guide groove 48 is formed on the outersurface of the barrel 2 forward of the slide hole 21, the front innersurface of the clip body 7 is provided with the projected bump 71 a, andin association with the longitudinal movement of the clip body 7, thebump 71 a slides longitudinally in the guide groove 48, so that thesandwiching performance of the clip body improves and also a lateral(circumferential) wobble of the clip body 7 can be prevented.

<7> A thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Seventh Embodimentis configured such that, in the thermochromic writing instrument 1 ofany of the first through sixth inventions, the friction unit 10 is madewith an elastic material, and a portion of the friction unit 10 abuts onthe clip body 7 in the nib retraction condition.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 according to Seventh Embodimenthas the friction unit 10 made with an elastic material and has a portionof the friction unit 10 abutting on the clip body 7 in a nib retractioncondition, so that the writing body 9 and the clip body 7 move backwarddue to the backward bias of the biasing member 8 when putting from a nibprojection condition into a nib retraction condition and the clip body 7and the friction unit 10 made with an elastic material abut on eachother, and thus the impact applied to the writing body 9 at the time canbe alleviated. As a result, a back flow of the ink in the writing body 9and mixing of an air from the nib 91 can be prevented.

<8> A writing instrument 1 according to Eighth Embodiment is configuredwith: a writing body 9 stored in a barrel 2; an operation body providedin the barrel 2 to be operated to longitudinally move the writing body9; and a nib 91 of the writing body 9 configured to be capable ofappearing from a front end of a writing instrument 1, wherein thewriting instrument further includes at least one clip body 7 as theoperation body, a longitudinally extending slide hole 21 provided in aside wall of the barrel 2, and an appearance mechanism putting the nib91 of the writing body 9 from a retraction condition into a projectioncondition by slide operating the clip body 7 placed in the slide hole 21forward, and the barrel 2 includes a plurality of components capable ofbeing coupled to each other, a first or second long hole 44, 51longitudinally extending and opened forward or backward is providedrespectively on respective side walls of two of the componentsconfiguring the barrel 2, and when coupling the two components, thefirst and second long holes 44, 51 form the slide hole 21 incommunication with each other.

<9> A writing instrument 1 according to Ninth Embodiment is configuredsuch that, in the writing instrument 1 according to Eighth Embodiment,each side wall of the two components configuring the barrel 2 is coupledto each other so as to overlap radially with each other, and the firstand second long holes 44, 51 form the slide hole 21 in communicationwith each other in a condition radially overlapping with each other.

<10> A writing instrument 1 according to Tenth Embodiment is configuredsuch that a portion including a rear end of the barrel 2 includes a rearbarrel 5 as the components, and when coupling the rear barrel 5 toanother of the components coupled to the rear barrel 5, the first andsecond long holes 44, 51 form the slide hole 21 in communication witheach other.

In the writing instrument 1 according to Eighth through TenthEmbodiments, the slide hole 21 is formed with the first long hole 44 andthe second long hole 51 opened forward or backward, so that the clipbody 7 can easily be inserted into the slide hole 21. According to theabove configuration, the first and second long holes 44, 51 arecommunicated with each other in a condition radially overlapping witheach other, so that it is possible to avoid the entire barrel 2 becomingunnecessarily long. That is, the overlapped portions of the first andsecond long holes 44, 51 do not affect the entire length of the slidehole 21.

<11> A writing instrument 1 according to Eleventh Embodiment isconfigured with: a writing body 9 stored in a barrel 2; an operationbody 7 provided in the barrel 2 to be operated to longitudinally movethe writing body 9; and a nib 91 of the writing body 9 configured to becapable of appearing from a front end of a writing instrument 1, whereinthe writing instrument 1 further includes a longitudinally extendingslide hole 21 provided in a side wall of the barrel 2 and an appearancemechanism putting the nib 91 of the writing body 9 from a retractioncondition into a projection condition by slide operating the operationbody 7 placed in the slide hole 21 forward, the barrel 2 includestherein, as the appearance mechanism, a plurality of longitudinallyextending cam teeth 41 a and cam grooves 41 b alternately placed along acircumferential direction, a rotary member 6 having a plurality ofprojected ribs 61 rotatably placed in a rear of the writing body 9 andcapable of alternately engaging with the cam teeth 41 a or the camgrooves 41 b, another plurality of cam teeth 73 a provided in theoperation body 7 and turning the rotary member 6, and an biasing member8 biasing the writing body 9 backward, the operation body 7 is providedwith a longitudinally extending stem 73 stored in the barrel 2, and thestem 73 and the rotary member 6 are locked to each other in a conditionhaving longitudinal allowance, and by slide operating the operation body7 forward against a biasing force of the biasing member 8, the projectedribs 61 are alternately engaged with the cam teeth 41 a or the camgrooves 41 b at longitudinally different positions to alternately putthe nib 91 of the writing body 9 in the projection condition or theretraction condition.

The writing instrument 1 according to Eleventh Embodiment has theappearance mechanism of a side sliding appearance mechanism using arotary cam mechanism and both the nib projection operation and the nibretraction operation are the type of slide operating the operation body7 forward (appearance mechanism of so-called double knock type), andthus the operation method is simple and a user can easily learn theoperation method. In addition, the operation body 7 has thelongitudinally extending stem 73 stored in the barrel 2 and the stem 73and the rotary member 6 are longitudinally locked in a condition ofbeing rotatable to each other and having longitudinal allowance to eachother, so that in the nib projection condition, the rotary member 6 islocked with the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41 and a backward movement ofthe rotary member 6 is inhibited and also an inadvertent longitudinalmovement of the operation body 7 is suppressed.

<12> A writing instrument 1 according to Twelfth Embodiment isconfigured such that the barrel 2 includes a plurality of componentscapable of being coupled to each other, a first or second long hole 44,51 longitudinally extending and opened forward or backward is providedrespectively on respective side walls of two of the componentsconfiguring the barrel 2, and when coupling the two components, thefirst and second long holes 44, 51 form the slide hole 21 incommunication with each other.

In the writing instrument 1 according to Twelfth Embodiment, the slidehole 21 is formed with the first long hole 44 and the second long hole51 opened forward or backward, so that the stem 73 of the clip body 7can easily be inserted into the slide hole 21.

<13> A writing instrument 1 according to Thirteenth Embodiment isconfigured such that each side wall of the two components configuringthe barrel 2 is coupled to overlap radially with each other, and thefirst and second long holes 44, 51 form the slide hole 21 incommunication with each other in a condition radially overlapping witheach other.

The writing instrument 1 according to Thirteenth Embodiment has the sidewall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the side wall of the rear barrel 5coupled to each other so as to overlap radially with each other and hasthe first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 so as to communicatewith each other radially, so that it is possible to avoid the entirebarrel 2 from becoming unnecessarily long. In the present invention, tohave the side wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the side wall of therear barrel 5 coupled to each other so as to overlap radially with eachother may include, for example, a configuration of coupling (forexample, fitting or screwing) the outer surface of the side wall of theintermediate barrel 4 and the inner surface of the side wall of the rearbarrel 5 so as to overlap radially, or a configuration of coupling (forexample, fitting or screwing) the inner surface of the side wall of theintermediate barrel 4 and the outer surface of the side wall of the rearbarrel 5 so as to overlap radially. The configuration of coupling theside wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the side wall of the rearbarrel 5 so as to overlap radially with each other may be aconfiguration of coupling at least a portion of the side wall of theintermediate barrel 4 and a portion of the side wall of the rear barrel5 so as to overlap radially with each other.

<14> A writing instrument 1 according to Fourteenth Embodiment isconfigured such that the operation body 7 is a clip body 7 having a clipmain body 71 projecting from the slide hole 21.

In the writing instrument 1 of Fourteenth Embodiment although the clipbody 7 is provided on the outer surface of the barrel 2, there are lessprojections compared with a writing instrument of a conventional sidesliding multi-cartridge type, and the degree of freedom for appearancedesign increases to allow obtaining a neat appearance. In the presentinvention, the clip body 7 is capable of sandwiching a sandwichedobject, such as a pocket of clothing or a pocket book, between it andthe outer surface of the barrel 2.

In the present invention, the friction unit 10 may have a configurationof fixing the friction unit 10 to the rear end of the barrel 2 at leastduring a friction operation, and the friction unit 10 may also have aconfiguration, for example, of appearing from the rear end of the barrel2 by an operation other than the nib appearance operation. In thepresent invention, during a friction operation means the time period offriction operating using the friction unit 10. During the frictionoperation, it may be either in the nib projection condition or the nibretraction condition. The ink used for the writing instrument 1according to Eighth through Fourteenth Embodiments may be athermochromic ink and may also be an ink other than that.

Effects of the Invention

A thermochromic writing instrument of the present invention enables astable friction operation using a friction unit, and further can avoidcontaminating the friction unit with hand grime and the like, andmoreover can obtain a neat appearance with an increased degree offreedom for appearance design. A writing instrument of the presentinvention can easily insert a clip body into a slide hole and also canavoid the entire barrel becoming unnecessarily long.

In addition to them, a writing instrument of the present inventionexhibits the following actions and effects:

-   (1) an operation method is simple, and a user can easily learn the    operation method;-   (2) an inadvertent longitudinal movement of an operation body is    suppressed in a nib projection condition;-   (3) an operation body can easily be inserted into a slide hole, and    the entire barrel can avoid becoming unnecessarily long; and-   (4) compared with a conventional writing instrument of a side    sliding multi-cartridge type, there are less projections and the    degree of freedom for appearance design increases, and thus a neat    appearance can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment

FIGS. 1 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of the present invention. Athermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment is providedwith a barrel 2, a writing body 9 stored in the barrel 2, an appearancemechanism enabling a nib of the writing body 9 to appear from a frontend hole 31 of the barrel 2.

Writing Body

The writing body 9 includes a nib 91, an ink storage tube 92 having thenib 91 press fitted and fastened into a front end opening, athermochromic ink filled in the ink storage tube 92, and a followingbody (for example, a high viscosity fluid) filled at a rear end of thethermochromic ink and also moving forward in association withconsumption of the thermochromic ink.

The nib 91 may have a configuration, for example, of either consistingof a ball-point pen tip, made of metal, holding a ball rotatably at afront end or including a nib holder, made of a synthetic resin,retaining a rear outer surface of the ball-point pen tip. To a rear endopening of the ink storage tube 92, a tail plug provided with a ventallowing ventilation between the ink storage tube 92 and outside isattached. Inside the nib 91, a spring pressing the ball at a front endforward is stored. The spring has a configuration provided with a rodunit at a front end of a compression coil spring, and a front end of therod unit makes contact with a ball rear surface. While not written, theball closely contacts with an inner surface of an inward front end edgeat a front end of the ball-point pen tip by a forward bias of thespring, and thus it is possible to prevent leakage and evaporation ofthe ink from the front end of the nib 91.

Barrel

The barrel 2 includes a tapered cylindrical front barrel 3, acylindrical intermediate barrel 4 coupled to a rear end of the frontbarrel 3, and a cylindrical rear barrel 5 coupled to a rear end of theintermediate barrel 4.

FIG. 5 illustrates the front barrel 3. The front barrel 3 includes atapered cylindrical main body 3 a made with a molded article of asynthetic resin (for example, a polycarbonate resin) and a grip unit 3 bmade with an elastic material provided on an outer surface of the mainbody 3 a. The grip unit 3 b is provided by two color molding ormounting. A rear end of the front barrel 3 is reduced in diameter, and amale thread 32 is formed on its outer surface. At a front end of thefront barrel 3, the front end hole 31 provided by penetratinglongitudinally.

FIG. 6A illustrates the intermediate barrel 4. The intermediate barrel 4is made with a molded article of a cylindrical synthetic resin (forexample, a polycarbonate resin). In an inner surface at a front end ofthe intermediate barrel 4, a female thread 46 is formed. The male thread32 of the front barrel 3 can be screwed to the female thread 46. At arear end of the intermediate barrel 4, a reduced diameter portion 43 isformed integrally. In the reduced diameter portion 43, a longitudinallyextending first long hole 44 is formed that has a closed front end andan open rear end. Further, on an outer surface of the reduced diameterportion 43, an outward projection 45 is formed integrally. On an innersurface of the intermediate barrel 4 forward of the reduced diameterportion 43, a step 42 is formed integrally. On an inner surface of theintermediate barrel 4 forward of the step 42 (an inner surface forwardof the first long hole 44 of the intermediate barrel 4), a cam 41 isformed integrally. The step 42 is formed integrally with the innersurface of the intermediate barrel 4 backward of the cam 41 and alsoforward of the first long hole 44 (that is, between the cam 41 and thefirst long hole 44). On an outer surface of the intermediate barrel 4, alocking projection 47 is formed integrally. In the nib retractioncondition, a sandwiched object, such as a pocket, can be sandwichedbetween the locking projection 47 and a bump 71 a of a clip body 7.

FIG. 7B illustrates the rear barrel 5. The rear barrel 5 is made with amolded article of a cylindrical synthetic resin (for example, apolycarbonate resin). In a side wall at a front end of the rear barrel5, a longitudinally extending second long hole 51 is formed that has anopen front end and a closed rear end. At a rear end of the rear barrel5, an attachment hole 52 is provided by penetrating longitudinally. FIG.7A illustrates a friction unit 10. Into the attachment hole 52, thefriction unit 10 made with an elastic material is press fitted. Thus,the friction unit 10 is fixed to an outer surface at a rear end of therear barrel 5. On an inner surface of the rear barrel 5, an inwardprojection 53 is formed integrally. The width dimension of the secondlong hole 51 is set equally to the width dimension of the first longhole 44, and thus a longitudinal smooth movement of the clip body 7 isenabled along a slide hole 21.

FIG. 8 illustrates the clip body 7. The clip body 7 includes alongitudinally extending clip main body 71, a base portion 72 providedconsecutively and integrally with a rear of the clip main body 71, and astem 73 provided consecutively and integrally with the base portion 72and extending forward of the base portion 72. The clip body 7 isobtained by a molded article of a synthetic resin (for example, apolycarbonate resin). The clip main body 71 is provided with theprojected bump 71 a on a backside thereof. At a front end of the stem73, cam teeth 73 a are formed integrally.

Assembly of Clip Body

A description is given to assembly of the clip body 7. From an openportion at the rear end of the first long hole 44 of the intermediatebarrel 4, the base portion 72 of the clip body 7 is inserted into thefirst long hole 44, and also the stem 73 of the clip body 7 is insertedinto the intermediate barrel 4. After that, so as to radiallycommunicate (so as to overlap radially with each other) the first longhole 44 of the intermediate barrel 4 and the second long hole 51 of therear barrel 5, the inner surface of the rear barrel 5 is fitted onto theouter surface of the reduced diameter portion 43 of the intermediatebarrel 4 and also the base portion 72 of the clip body 7 is insertedinto the second long hole 51 from an open portion at a front end of thesecond long hole 51. Thus, the intermediate barrel 4 and the rear barrel5 are coupled together, and the longitudinally extending slide hole 21is formed by the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51, andalso the clip body 7 (the clip main body 71 and a portion of the baseportion 72) projects radially outward from the slide hole 21, and theclip body 7 is configured longitudinally slidably along the slide hole21. At this time, the outward projection 45 on the outer surface of thereduced diameter portion 43 of the intermediate barrel 4 and the inwardprojection 53 on the inner surface of the rear barrel 5 climb over andare engaged with each other.

By coupling the rear barrel 5 having the friction unit 10 fixed theretoto the rear end of the intermediate barrel 4, the friction unit 10 isfixed to a rear end of the barrel 2 all the time. The front barrel 3 andthe intermediate barrel 4 are detachably coupled by screwing, and thusthe writing body 9 can be replaceable.

Appearance Mechanism

The appearance mechanism is a side sliding appearance mechanism using arotary cam mechanism. The appearance mechanism includes the cam 41formed on the inner surface of the intermediate barrel 4, a rotarymember 6 engaged with the cam 41 and abutting on a rear end of thewriting body 9, the clip body 7 engaged with the rotary member 6 andprojecting radially outward from the slide hole 21, and an biasingmember 8 (for example, a compression coil spring) stored in the barrel 2and biasing the writing body 9 backward. The appearance mechanism of thepresent embodiment is a double knock type in which both the nibprojection operation and the nib retraction operation operate by slidingforward the clip body 7. The rotary member 6 is obtained from a moldedarticle of a synthetic resin (for example, a polyacetal resin).

The cam 41 is provided with a plurality of cam teeth 41 a projectingforward in a saw blade shape and a plurality of longitudinally extendingcam grooves 41 b formed between the cam teeth 41 a. The rotary member 6is provided with a plurality (for example, four) of longitudinallyextending projected ribs 61 on an outer surface thereof, and theprojected ribs 61 are engaged with the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41 andthe cam grooves 41 b of the cam 41. At the front end of the stem 73 ofthe clip body 7, the cam teeth 73 a are engaged with a rear end of theprojected ribs 61 of the rotary member 6 are formed by integral molding.

Appearance of Nib

As the clip body 7 is slide operated forward from the nib retractioncondition against the backward bias by the biasing member 8, the rotarymember 6 is pushed forward by the cam teeth 73 a of the stem 73 of theclip body 7, and in association with forward movement of the projectedribs 61 of the rotary member 6 along the cam grooves 41 b, the rotarymember 6 pushes the rear end of the writing body 9 forward and the nib91 projects outside from the front end hole 31. At this time, due to theabutment of the cam teeth 73 a of the stem 73 and the projected ribs 61of the rotary member 6, the rotary member 6 rotates at a certain anglerelative to the cam 41. Thus, the projected ribs 61 of the rotary member6 are engaged with the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41 to maintain the nibprojection condition.

As the clip body 7 is slide operated forward from the nib projectioncondition, the stem 73 of the clip body 7 pushes the rotary member 6forward, and due to the abutment of the cam teeth 73 a of the stem 73and the projected ribs 61 of the rotary member 6, the rotary member 6rotates at a certain angle relative to the cam 41. Thus, the engagedcondition of the projected ribs 61 and the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41is released, and due to the backward bias by the biasing member 8, theprojected ribs 61 are moved backward along the cam grooves 41 b of thecam 41. In association with the backward movement of the rotary member6, the writing body 9 moves backward to be put in the nib retractioncondition.

The friction unit 10 does not work together with the longitudinalmovement of the clip body 7 and is fixed to an outer surface at the rearend of the rear barrel 5 (barrel 2). The friction unit 10 is providedindependently of the clip body 7.

Another Example of Clip Body

FIG. 9 illustrates another embodiment of the clip body 7. The presentembodiment differs from the clip body 7 of FIG. 8 in attachment of acylindrical body 74 having cam teeth 74 a to the stem 73 of the clipbody 7, and other configuration, actions and effects are similar to theembodiment of FIGS. 1 through 8, so that the description is omitted. Thecylindrical body 74 is obtained from a molded article of a syntheticresin (for example, a polyacetal resin).

Friction Unit

In the present embodiment, an elastic material configuring the frictionunit 10 is preferably an elastic synthetic resin (rubber, elastomers),and may include, for example, a silicone resin, an SBS resin (astyrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer), an SEBS resin (astyrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene copolymer), a fluorine-based resin, achloroprene resin, a nitrile resin, a polyester-based resin,ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), and the like. The elasticsynthetic resin configuring the friction unit 10 is preferably made witha low wear elastic material generating almost no wear dust (erased dust)during friction, compared with those made with a high wear elasticmaterial (for example, an eraser or the like). The friction unit 10 maybe provided at least on an outer surface at a rear end of the barrel 2,and may include to have a configuration, for example, of fastening thefriction unit 10 made with an elastic material to the outer surface atthe rear end of the barrel 2 or to the outer surface at the rear end ofthe rear barrel 5 by press fitting, engagement, screwing, fitting,adhesion, two color molding, or the like, or a configuration ofintegrally forming the entire barrel 2 or the entire rear barrel 5 withan elastic material.

Thermochromic Ink

In the present embodiment, the thermochromic ink is preferably areversible thermochromic ink. The reversible thermochromic ink can beconfigured by using various types singly or in combination, such as aheat fading type in which a color appearance condition is faded byheating, a color memory retaining type in which a color appearancecondition or a faded condition is retained in memory enantiotropicallyin a specific temperature range, or a heat appearance type in which acolor appears by heating from a faded condition and returns to the fadedcondition by cooling from the color appearance condition.

For a coloring material contained in the reversible thermochromic ink,reversible thermochromic pigment is preferably used that has areversible thermochromic composition, containing at least conventionallyknown essential three components of: (i) an electron donating coloringorganic compound; (ii) an electron accepting compound; and (iii) areaction medium determining a temperature of occurring a coloringreaction of both above, encapsulated in microcapsules.

In the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 10, it is preferred toapply a color memory retaining thermochromic ink that is discolored asthe shape of a curve having a change in coloration concentration due toa temperature change plotted thereon follows different paths between acase of raising a temperature from a side lower than a discolorationtemperature range and, on the contrary, a case of lowering it from aside higher than the discoloration temperature range and that canretain, in memory, the color appearance condition in a low temperaturerange at a complete color appearance temperature (t1) or lower or thefaded condition in a high temperature range at a complete fadingtemperature (t4) or higher in the specific temperature range[temperature range between t2 and t3 (substantial two phase retentiontemperature range)]. In FIG. 10, ΔH shows a temperature width indicatinga degree of hysteresis (that is, a hysteresis width). When the value ofΔH is small, only one condition of both conditions before and afterdiscoloration can exist. When the value of ΔH is large, retention ofeach condition before and after discoloration is facilitated.

In the present embodiment, a discoloration temperature of thethermochromic ink by the frictional heat of the friction unit 10 is setfrom 25° C. to 95° C. (preferably from 36° C. to 95° C.). That is, inthe present embodiment, it is effective to set the higher temperaturediscoloration point [complete fading temperature (t4)] in a range from25° C. to 95° C. (preferably from 36° C. to 90° C.) and to set the lowertemperature discoloration point [complete color appearance temperature(t1)] in a range from −30° C. to +20° C. (preferably from −30° C. to+10° C.). Thus, it is enabled to effectively function retention of acolor exhibited in a normal state (ordinary living temperature range)and also to easily discolor handwriting in the reversible thermochromicink by the frictional heat of the friction unit 10.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has thefriction unit 10 fixed to the outer surface at the rear end of thebarrel 2, so that the backward movement of the friction unit 10 isinhibited during a friction operation, and thus a stable frictionoperation is enabled using the friction unit 10. In addition, thethermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment is providedwith the operation unit at the clip body 7 for a nib appearanceoperation and the friction unit 10 independent of the clip body 7(operation unit), so that the clip body 7, not the friction unit 10, isoperated when appearing the nib 91, and thus contamination of thefriction unit 10 with hand grime and the like can be avoided. Still inaddition, although the thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the presentembodiment is provided with the clip body 7 on the outer surface of thebarrel 2, there are less projections compared with a thermochromicwriting instrument of a conventional side sliding multi-cartridge type,and the degree of freedom for appearance design increases to allowobtaining a neat appearance.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has theappearance mechanism of a side sliding appearance mechanism using arotary cam mechanism and both the nib projection operation and the nibretraction operation are the type of slide operating the clip body 7forward (appearance mechanism of so-called double knock type), and thusthe operation method is simple and a user can easily learn the operationmethod.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has theslide hole 21 formed by the first long hole 44 opened backward and thesecond long hole 51 opened forward, so that the clip body 7 can beinserted into the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 whencoupling the intermediate barrel 4 and the rear barrel 5 (that is, whenforming the slide hole 21) and the clip body 7 can easily be insertedinto the slide hole 21, which enables easy insertion and assembly of theclip body 7 and the barrel 2.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has theside wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the side wall of the rearbarrel 5 coupled to each other so as to overlap radially with each otherand has the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 so as tocommunicate with each other radially, so that it is possible to avoidthe entire barrel 2 from becoming unnecessarily long.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has thefriction unit 10 made with an elastic material and has a portion of thefriction unit 10 abutting on the clip body 7 in a nib retractioncondition, so that the writing body 9 and the clip body 7 move backwarddue to the backward bias of the biasing member 8 when putting from a nibprojection condition into a nib retraction condition and the clip body 7and the friction unit 10 made with an elastic material abut on eachother, and thus the impact applied to the writing body 9 at the time canbe alleviated. As a result, a back flow of the ink in the writing body 9and mixing of an air from the nib 91 can be prevented.

Second Embodiment

FIGS. 11 through 35 illustrate Second Embodiment of the presentinvention. A thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the presentembodiment is provided with a barrel 2, a writing body 9 stored in thebarrel 2, an appearance mechanism enabling a nib 91 of the writing body9 to appear from a front end hole 31 of the barrel 2.

Writing Body

The writing body 9 includes a nib 91, an ink storage tube 92 having thenib 91 press fitted and fastened into a front end opening, athermochromic ink 93 filled in the ink storage tube 92, and a followingbody 94 (for example, a high viscosity fluid) filled at a rear end ofthe thermochromic ink 93 and also moving forward in association withconsumption of the thermochromic ink 93.

The nib 91 may have a configuration, for example, of either consistingof a ball-point pen tip, made of metal, holding a ball rotatably at afront end or including a nib holder, made of a synthetic resin,retaining a rear outer surface of the ball-point pen tip. To a rear endopening of the ink storage tube 92, a tail plug 95 provided with a ventallowing ventilation between the ink storage tube 92 and outside isattached. Inside the nib 91, a spring pushing the ball at a front endforward is stored. The spring has a configuration provided with a rodunit at a front end of a compression coil spring, and a front end of therod unit makes contact with a ball rear surface. While not written, theball closely contacts with an inner surface of an inward front end edgeat a front end of the ball-point pen tip by a forward bias of thespring, and thus it is possible to prevent leakage and evaporation ofthe ink from the front end of the nib 91.

Barrel

The barrel 2 includes a tapered cylindrical front barrel 3, acylindrical intermediate barrel 4 coupled to a rear end of the frontbarrel 3, and a cylindrical rear barrel 5 coupled to a rear end of theintermediate barrel 4.

FIG. 18 illustrates the front barrel 3. The front barrel 3 includes atapered cylindrical main body 3 a made with a molded article of asynthetic resin (for example, a polycarbonate resin) and a grip unit 3 bmade with an elastic material provided on an outer surface of the mainbody 3 a. The grip unit 3 b is provided by two color molding or mountingto the outer surface of the main body 3 a. A rear end of the frontbarrel 3 is reduced in diameter, and a male thread 32 is formed on itsouter surface. At a front end of the front barrel 3, the front end hole31 provided by penetrating longitudinally.

FIGS. 19 through 21 illustrate the intermediate barrel 4. Theintermediate barrel 4 is made with a molded article of a cylindricalsynthetic resin (for example, a polycarbonate resin). In an innersurface at a front end of the intermediate barrel 4, a female thread 46is formed. The male thread 32 of the front barrel 3 can be screwed tothe female thread 46. At a rear end of the intermediate barrel 4, areduced diameter portion 43 is formed integrally. In a side wall at therear end of the intermediate barrel 4, a longitudinally extending firstlong hole 44 is formed that has a closed front end and an open rear end.Further, on an outer surface of the reduced diameter portion 43, anoutward projection 45 is formed integrally. On an inner surface of theintermediate barrel 4 forward of the reduced diameter portion 43, a step42 is formed integrally. On an inner surface of the intermediate barrel4 forward of the step 42, a cam 41 is formed integrally. A front end ofthe first long hole 44 is located slightly forward of the step (that is,a rear end of the cam 41) and also located backward of cam teeth 41 a ofthe cam 41. In an outer surface of the intermediate barrel 4 forward ofthe first long hole 44, a longitudinally extending guide groove 48 isformed. With the guide groove 48, a bump 71 a of the clip body 7 isengaged all the time, and in association with a longitudinal movement ofthe clip body 7, the bump 71 a of the clip body 7 can longitudinallymove along the guide groove 48. By the guide groove 48 and the bump 71a, a sandwiched object, such as a pocket, is sandwiched strongly.

FIGS. 22 through 25 illustrate the rear barrel 5. The rear barrel 5 ismade with a molded article of a cylindrical synthetic resin (forexample, a polycarbonate resin). In a side wall at a front end of therear barrel 5, a longitudinally extending second long hole 51 is formedthat has an open front end and a closed rear end. At a rear end of therear barrel 5, an attachment hole 52 is provided by penetratinglongitudinally. Into the attachment hole 52, a friction unit 10 madewith an elastic material is press fitted. Thus, the friction unit 10 isfixed to an outer surface at a rear end of the rear barrel 5. On aninner surface of the rear barrel 5, an inward projection 53 is formedintegrally. The width dimension of the second long hole 51 is setequally to the width dimension of the first long hole 44, and thus alongitudinal smooth movement of the clip body 7 is enabled along a slidehole 21.

FIG. 27 illustrates the clip body 7. The clip body 7 includes a mainpart 7 a including a longitudinally extending clip main body 71, a baseportion 72 provided consecutively and integrally with a rear of the clipmain body 71, and a stem 73 provided consecutively and integrally withthe base portion 72 and extending forward of the base portion 72, andthe cylindrical body 74 attached to the stem 73. The main part 7 a ofthe clip body 7 is obtained by a molded article of a synthetic resin(for example, a polycarbonate resin). The clip main body 71 is providedintegrally with the projected bump 71 a in a plate shape on a backside(inner surface) thereof.

The stem 73 includes a larger diameter portion 73 b and a smallerdiameter portion 73 c provided consecutively forward of the largerdiameter portion 73 b and having an outer diameter smaller than thelarger diameter portion 73 b. A first outward projection 73 d is formedintegrally on an outer surface of the larger diameter portion 73 b, anda second outward projection 73 e is formed integrally on an outersurface of the smaller diameter portion 73 c. The first outwardprojection 73 d and the second outward projection 73 e may include, forexample, an annular projection or dispersed projections with a pluralityof them dispersed in a ring.

On an outer surface of the base portion 72 of the clip body 7 or anouter surface of the stem 73, a longitudinally extending rib 72 a isformed. The rib 72 a is engaged with a longitudinally extending groove49 formed on an inner surface at the rear end of the intermediate barrel4, and the rib 72 a moves longitudinally along the groove 49. Thus, acircumferential wobble of the clip body 7 can be suppressed.

FIGS. 29 through 31 illustrate the cylindrical body 74. The cylindricalbody 74 is attached to the outer surface of the stem 73 of the clip body7. At the front end of the cylindrical body 74, the cam teeth 74 a areformed. An internal hole penetrates longitudinally through inside thecylindrical body 74, and an inward projection 74 b is formed integrallyon an inner surface of the internal hole. The inward projection 74 bclimbs over and is engaged with the first outward projection 73 d on theouter surface of the stem 73 of the clip body 7, and the clip body 7 andthe cylindrical body 74 integrally become longitudinally movable. Aplurality of guide projections 74 c is formed integrally on the outersurface of the cylindrical body 74, and the guide projections 74 c areengaged with the cam grooves 41 b of the cam 41 longitudinally movablytherealong, and thus rotation of the cylindrical body 74 in the barrel 2is inhibited. The cylindrical body 74 is obtained from a molded articleof a synthetic resin (for example, a polyacetal resin).

FIGS. 32 through 33 illustrate the rotary member 6. The rotary member 6is provided with a plurality (for example, four) of longitudinallyextending projected ribs 61 on an outer surface thereof, and theprojected ribs 61 are engaged with the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41 andthe cam grooves 41 b of the cam 41. An internal hole is formedlongitudinally penetrating through inside the rotary member 6. On aninner surface of the internal hole of the rotary member 6, an inwardprojection 62 is formed. The rotary member 6 is obtained from a moldedarticle of a synthetic resin (for example, a polyacetal resin).

FIG. 35 illustrates an engaged condition of the clip body 7 and therotary member 6 in a nib projection condition. The inward projection 62of the rotary member 6 climbs over and is engaged with the secondoutward projection 73 e of the clip body 7. Thus, the clip body 7 andthe rotary member 6 are prevented from falling out. The rotary member 6has longitudinal allowance and is also attached rotatably. Thelongitudinal allowance (movable amount) is set to be a small dimensionto allow locking and unlocking of the projected ribs 61 of the rotarymember 6 and the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41.

Assembly of Clip Body

A description is given to assembly of the clip body 7. From an openportion at the rear end of the first long hole 44 of the intermediatebarrel 4, the base portion 72 of the clip body 7 is inserted into thefirst long hole 44, and also the stem 73 of the clip body 7 is insertedinto the intermediate barrel 4. After that, so as to radiallycommunicate (so as to overlap radially with each other) the first longhole 44 of the intermediate barrel 4 and the second long hole 51 of therear barrel 5, the inner surface of the rear barrel 5 is fitted onto theouter surface of the reduced diameter portion 43 of the intermediatebarrel 4 and also the base portion 72 of the clip body 7 is insertedinto the second long hole 51 from an open portion at a front end of thesecond long hole 51. Thus, the intermediate barrel 4 and the rear barrel5 are coupled together, and the longitudinally extending slide hole 21is formed by the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51, andalso the clip body 7 (the clip main body 71 and a portion of the baseportion 72) projects radially outward from the slide hole 21, and theclip body 7 is configured longitudinally slidably along the slide hole21. At this time, the outward projection 45 on the outer surface of thereduced diameter portion 43 of the intermediate barrel 4 and the inwardprojection 53 on the inner surface of the rear barrel 5 climb over andare engaged with each other.

By coupling the rear barrel 5 having the friction unit 10 fixed theretoto the rear end of the intermediate barrel 4, the friction unit 10 isfixed to a rear end of the barrel 2 all the time. The front barrel 3 andthe intermediate barrel 4 are detachably coupled by screwing, and thusthe writing body 9 can be replaceable.

Appearance Mechanism

The appearance mechanism is a side sliding appearance mechanism using arotary cam mechanism. The appearance mechanism includes the cam 41formed on the inner surface of the intermediate barrel 4, a rotarymember 6 engaged with the cam 41 and abutting on a rear end of thewriting body 9, the clip body 7 engaged with the rotary member 6 andprojecting radially outward from the slide hole 21, and an biasingmember 8 (for example, a compression coil spring) stored in the barrel 2and biasing the writing body 9 backward. The appearance mechanism of thepresent embodiment is a double knock type in which both the nibprojection operation and the nib retraction operation operate by slidingforward the clip body 7. The rotary member 6 is obtained from a moldedarticle of a synthetic resin (for example, a polyacetal resin).

The cam 41 is provided with a plurality of cam teeth 41 a projectingforward in a saw blade shape and a plurality of longitudinally extendingcam grooves 41 b formed between the cam teeth 41 a. The rotary member 6is provided with the plurality (for example, four) of longitudinallyextending projected ribs 61 on the outer surface thereof, and theprojected ribs 61 are engaged with the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41 andthe cam grooves 41 b of the cam 41. At the front end of the cylindricalbody 74 attached to the stem 73 of the clip body 7, the cam teeth 74 aare engaged with a rear end of the projected ribs 61 of the rotarymember 6 are formed integrally.

Appearance of Nib

As the clip body 7 is slide operated forward from the nib retractioncondition against the backward bias by the biasing member 8, the rotarymember 6 is pushed forward by the cylindrical body 74 attached to thestem 73 of the clip body 7, and in association with forward movement ofthe projected ribs 61 of the rotary member 6 along the cam grooves 41 b,the rotary member 6 pushes the rear end of the writing body 9 forwardand the nib 91 projects outside from the front end hole 31. At thistime, due to the abutment of the cam teeth 74 a of the cylindrical body74 attached to the stem 73 and the projected ribs 61 of the rotarymember 6, the rotary member 6 rotates at a certain angle relative to thecam 41. Thus, the projected ribs 61 of the rotary member 6 are engagedwith the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41 to maintain the nib projectioncondition.

As the clip body 7 is slide operated forward from the nib projectioncondition, the cylindrical body 74 attached to the stem 73 of the clipbody 7 pushes the rotary member 6 forward, and due to the abutment ofthe cam teeth 74 a of the cylindrical body 74 and the projected ribs 61of the rotary member 6, the rotary member 6 rotates at a certain anglerelative to the cam 41. Thus, the engaged condition of the projectedribs 61 and the cam teeth 41 a of the cam 41 is released, and due to thebackward bias by the biasing member 8, the projected ribs 61 are movedbackward along the cam grooves 41 b of the cam 41. In association withthe backward movement of the rotary member 6, the writing body 9 movesbackward to be put in the nib retraction condition.

Friction Unit

In the present embodiment, an elastic material configuring the frictionunit 10 is preferably an elastic synthetic resin (rubber, elastomers),and may include, for example, a silicone resin, an SBS resin (astyrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer), an SEBS resin (astyrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymer), a fluorine-based resin, achloroprene resin, a nitrile resin, a polyester-based resin,ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), and the like. The elasticsynthetic resin configuring the friction unit 10 is preferably made witha low wear elastic material generating almost no wear dust (erased dust)during friction, compared with those made with a high wear elasticmaterial (for example, an eraser or the like). The friction unit 10 maybe provided at least on an outer surface at a rear end of the barrel 2,and may include to have a configuration, for example, of fastening thefriction unit 10 made with an elastic material to the rear end of thebarrel 2 or to the rear end of the rear barrel 5 by press fitting,engagement, screwing, fitting, adhesion, two color molding, or the like,or a configuration of integrally forming the entire barrel 2 or theentire rear barrel 5 with an elastic material.

Thermochromic Ink

In the present embodiment, the thermochromic ink is preferably areversible thermochromic ink. The reversible thermochromic ink can beconfigured by using various types singly or in combination, such as aheat fading type in which a color appearance condition is faded byheating, a color memory retaining type in which a color appearancecondition or a faded condition is retained in memory enantiotropicallyin a specific temperature range, or a heat appearance type in which acolor appears by heating from a faded condition and returns to the fadedcondition by cooling from the color appearance condition.

For a coloring material contained in the reversible thermochromic ink,reversible thermochromic pigment is preferably used that has areversible thermochromic composition, containing at least conventionallyknown essential three components of: (i) an electron donating coloringorganic compound; (ii) an electron accepting compound; and (iii) areaction medium determining a temperature of occurring a coloringreaction of both above, encapsulated in microcapsules.

In the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 10, it is preferred toapply a color memory retaining thermochromic ink that is discolored asthe shape of a curve having a change in coloration concentration due toa temperature change plotted thereon follows different paths between acase of raising a temperature from a side lower than a discolorationtemperature range and, on the contrary, a case of lowering it from aside higher than the discoloration temperature range and that canretain, in memory, the color appearance condition in a low temperaturerange at a complete color appearance temperature (t1) or lower or thefaded condition in a high temperature range at a complete fadingtemperature (t4) or higher in the specific temperature range[temperature range between t2 and t3 (substantial two phase retentiontemperature range)]. In FIG. 10, ΔH shows a temperature width indicatinga degree of hysteresis (that is, a hysteresis width). When the value ofΔH is small, only one condition of both conditions before and afterdiscoloration can exist. When the value of ΔH is large, retention ofeach condition before and after discoloration is facilitated.

In the present embodiment, a discoloration temperature of thethermochromic ink by the frictional heat of the friction unit 10 is setfrom 25° C. to 95° C. (preferably from 36° C. to 95° C.). That is, inthe present embodiment, it is effective to set the higher temperaturediscoloration point [complete fading temperature (t4)] in a range from25° C. to 95° C. (preferably from 36° C. to 90° C.) and to set the lowertemperature discoloration point [complete color appearance temperature(t1)] in a range from −30° C. to +20° C. (preferably from −30° C. to+10° C.). Thus, it is enabled to effectively function retention of acolor exhibited in a normal state (ordinary living temperature range)and also to easily discolor handwriting in the reversible thermochromicink by the frictional heat of the friction unit 10.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has thefriction unit 10 fixed to the outer surface at the rear end of thebarrel 2, so that the backward movement of the friction unit 10 isinhibited during a friction operation, and thus a stable frictionoperation is enabled using the friction unit 10. In addition, thethermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment is providedwith the operation unit at the clip body 7 for a nib appearanceoperation and the friction unit 10 independent of the clip body 7(operation unit), so that the clip body 7, not the friction unit 10, isoperated when appearing the nib 91, and thus contamination of thefriction unit 10 with hand grime and the like can be avoided. Still inaddition, although the thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the presentembodiment is provided with the clip body 7 on the outer surface of thebarrel 2, there are less projections compared with a thermochromicwriting instrument of a conventional side sliding multi-cartridge type,and the degree of freedom for appearance design increases to allowobtaining a neat appearance.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has theappearance mechanism of a side sliding appearance mechanism using arotary cam mechanism and both the nib projection operation and the nibretraction operation are the type of slide operating the clip body 7forward (appearance mechanism of so-called double knock type), and thusthe operation method is simple and a user can easily learn the operationmethod.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has theslide hole 21 formed by the first long hole 44 opened backward and thesecond long hole 51 opened forward, so that the clip body 7 can beinserted into the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 whencoupling the intermediate barrel 4 and the rear barrel 5 (that is, whenforming the slide hole 21) and the clip body 7 can easily be insertedinto the slide hole 21, which enables easy insertion and assembly of theclip body 7 and the barrel 2.

The thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment has theside wall of the intermediate barrel 4 and the side wall of the rearbarrel 5 coupled to each other so as to overlap radially with each otherand has the first long hole 44 and the second long hole 51 so as tocommunicate with each other radially, so that it is possible to avoidthe entire barrel 2 from becoming unnecessarily long.

In the thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment, theclip body 7 has the longitudinally extending stem 73 stored in thebarrel 2 and the stem 73 and the rotary member 6 are longitudinallylocked in a condition of being rotatable to each other and havinglongitudinal allowance to each other, so that an inadvertentlongitudinal movement of the clip body 7 is suppressed in the nibprojection condition. As a result, even when gripping near the clip body7 in the nib projection condition, a stable friction operation isenabled.

In the thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment, thelongitudinally extending guide groove 48 is formed on the outer surfaceof the barrel 2 forward of the slide hole 21, the front inner surface ofthe clip body 7 is provided with the projected bump 71 a, and inassociation with the longitudinal movement of the clip body 7, the bump71 a slides longitudinally in the guide groove 48, so that thesandwiching performance of the clip body improves and also a lateral(circumferential) wobble of the clip body 7 can be prevented.

In the thermochromic writing instrument 1 of the present embodiment, thefriction unit 10 can also be made with an elastic material and a portionof the friction unit 10 can also abut on the clip body 7 in a nibretraction condition. Thus, the writing body 9 and the clip body 7 movebackward due to the backward bias of the biasing member 8 when puttingfrom a nib projection condition into a nib retraction condition and theclip body 7 and the friction unit 10 made with an elastic material abuton each other, and thus the impact applied to the writing body 9 at thetime can be alleviated. As a result, a back flow and the like of the inkin the writing body 9 and mixing of an air from the nib 91 can beprevented.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

-   1: Thermochromic Writing Instrument-   2: Barrel-   21: Slide Hole-   3: Front Barrel-   31: Front End Hole-   32: Male Thread-   3 a: Main Body-   3 b: Grip Unit-   4: Intermediate Barrel-   41: Cam-   41 a: Cam Teeth-   41 b: Cam Groove-   42: Step-   43: Reduced Diameter Portion-   44: First Long Hole-   45: Outward Projection-   46: Female Thread-   47: Locking Projection-   48: Guide Groove-   49: Groove-   5: Rear Barrel-   51: Second Long Hole-   52: Attachment Hole-   53: Inward Projection-   6: Rotary Member-   61: Projected Rib-   62: Inward Projection-   7: Clip Body-   71: Clip Main Body-   71 a: Projected Bump-   72: Base Portion-   72 a: Rib-   73: Stem-   73 a: Cam Teeth-   73 b: Larger Diameter Portion-   73 c: Smaller Diameter Portion-   73 d: First Outward Projection-   73 e: Second Outward Projection-   74: Cylindrical Body-   74 a: Cam Teeth-   74 b: Inward Projection-   74 c: Guide Projection-   7 a: Main Part-   8: Biasing member-   9: Writing Body-   91: Nib-   92: Ink Storage Tube-   93: Thermochromic Ink-   94: Following Body-   95: Tail Plug-   10: Friction Unit

1-26. (canceled)
 27. A writing instrument, comprising: a writing bodystored in a barrel; an operation body provided at the barrel to beoperated to longitudinally move the writing body; and a nib of thewriting body configured to be capable of appearing from a front end of awriting instrument, wherein the writing instrument further includes atleast one of the operation body, a longitudinally extending slide holeprovided in a side wall of the barrel, and an appearance mechanismputting the nib of the writing body from a retraction condition into aprojection condition by slide operating the operation body placed in theslide hole forward, the barrel includes a plurality of componentscapable of being coupled to each other, a first or second long holelongitudinally extending and opened forward or backward is providedrespectively on respective side walls of two of the componentsconfiguring the barrel, and when coupling the two components, the firstand second long holes form the slide hole in communication with eachother, the barrel includes therein, as the appearance mechanism, aplurality of longitudinally extending cam teeth and cam groovesalternately placed along a circumferential direction, a rotary memberhaving a plurality of projected ribs rotatably placed in the rear of thewriting body and capable of alternately engaging with the cam teeth orthe cam grooves, another plurality of cam teeth provided in theoperation body and turning the rotary member, and an biasing memberbiasing the writing body backward, a component of two of the componentsconfiguring the barrel, which component is located at the front side ofthe writing instrument is provided with the first long hole in its sidewall and the cam teeth and the cam grooves are provided on an innersurface of the side wall, and the first long hole extends backward ofthe cam teeth and the cam grooves and is opened at a rear end of theside wall.
 28. The writing instrument of claim 27, wherein each sidewall of the two components configuring the barrel is coupled to overlapradially with each other, and the first and second long holes form theslide hole in communication with each other in a condition radiallyoverlapping with each other.
 29. The writing instrument of claim 27,wherein one of the two components configuring the barrel, which one islocated at the front side of the writing instrument is provided with thefirst long hole opened at the rear end of its side wall and anothercomponent located at the rear side of the writing instrument is providedwith the second long hole opened at the front end of its side wall, andwhen the side wall of the another component is fitted to an outersurface at the rear end of the side wall of the one component, the firstand second log holes form the slide hole in communication with eachother in a condition radially overlapping with each other.
 30. Thewriting instrument of claim 29, wherein the rear end of the side wall ofthe one component is formed into a reduced diameter portion and anoutward projection is provided on an outer surface of the reduceddiameter portion and an inward projection is provided on an innersurface of the side wall of the another component, and when the sidewall of the another component is fitted to the outer surface of thereduced diameter portion of the side wall of the one component, theoutward projection and the inward projection climb over and are engagedwith each other.
 31. The writing instrument of claim 27, wherein theoperation body is a clip body.
 32. A writing instrument, comprising: awriting body stored in a barrel; an operation body provided at thebarrel to be operated to longitudinally move the writing body; and a nibof the writing body configured to be capable of appearing from a frontend of a writing instrument, wherein the writing instrument furtherincludes a longitudinally extending slide hole provided in a side wallof the barrel, and an appearance mechanism putting the nib of thewriting body from a retraction condition into a projection condition byslide operating the operation body placed in the slide hole forward, thebarrel includes therein, as the appearance mechanism, a plurality oflongitudinally extending cam teeth and cam grooves alternately placedalong a circumferential direction, a rotary member having a plurality ofprojected ribs rotatably placed in the rear of the writing body andcapable of alternately engaging with the cam teeth or the cam grooves,another plurality of cam teeth provided in the operation body andturning the rotary member, and an biasing member biasing the writingbody backward, the operation body is provided with a longitudinallyextending stem stored in the barrel, a longitudinally extending rib isformed on an outer surface of a base portion of the operation body or onan outer surface of the stem and a longitudinally extending groove isformed on an inner surface of the barrel and the rib is engaged with thegroove and moves along the groove longitudinally, and by slide operatingthe operation body forward against a biasing force of the biasingmember, the projected ribs are alternately engaged with the cam teeth orthe cam grooves at longitudinally different positions to alternately putthe nib of the writing body in the projection condition or theretraction condition.
 33. The writing instrument of claim 32, whereinthe stem of the operation body and the rotary member are locked to eachother in a condition having longitudinal allowance.
 34. The writinginstrument of claim 32, wherein the another cam teeth are provided at acylindrical body, and in a condition that the stem of the operation bodyis inserted into the cylindrical body, the stem of the operation bodyand the rotary member are locked to each other in a condition havinglongitudinal allowance.
 35. The writing instrument of claim 32, whereinthe operation body includes an operation main body operated by slidingforward, the base portion provided consecutively and integrally with theoperation main body and the stem being a cylindrical form providedconsecutively and integrally with the base portion and extending forwardof the base portion, and wherein at the stem, the another cam teeth areformed integrally.
 36. The writing instrument of claim 32, wherein theoperation body is a clip body.
 37. The writing instrument of claim 36,wherein a longitudinally extending guide groove is formed on an outersurface of the barrel forward of the slide hole and a projected bump isprovided on a front inner surface of the clip body, and the bumplongitudinally slides in the guide groove in association with alongitudinal movement of the clip body.
 38. A thermochromic writinginstrument, comprising: a writing body storing a thermochromic inktherein, stored in a barrel; an operation body provided at the barrel tobe operated to longitudinally move the writing body; a nib of thewriting body configured to be capable of appearing from a front end ofthe writing instrument, wherein the writing instrument further includesa friction unit, rubbing handwriting in the thermochromic ink andcapable of thermally changing the color of the handwriting by frictionalheat generated at that time, and the barrel includes a front barrel, anintermediate barrel coupled to a rear end of the front barrel, and arear barrel coupled to a rear end of the intermediate barrel, alongitudinally extending slide hole is provided in a side wall of theintermediate barrel, the operation body is placed in the slide hole andthe friction unit is provided at a rear end of the rear barrelindependently of the operation body, and the front barrel and theintermediate barrel are detachably coupled by screwing, and thus thewriting body can be replaceable.
 39. A thermochromic writing instrument,comprising: a writing body storing a thermochromic ink therein, storedin a barrel; an operation body provided at the barrel to be operated tolongitudinally move the writing body; a nib of the writing bodyconfigured to be capable of appearing from a front end of the writinginstrument, wherein the writing instrument further includes a frictionunit, rubbing handwriting in the thermochromic ink and capable ofthermally changing the color of the handwriting by frictional heatgenerated at that time, and the barrel includes a front barrel, anintermediate barrel coupled to a rear end of the front barrel, and arear barrel coupled to a rear end of the intermediate barrel, alongitudinally extending slide hole is provided in a side wall of therear barrel, the operation body is placed in the slide hole and thefriction unit is provided at a rear end of the rear barrel independentlyof the operation body, and the front barrel and the intermediate barrelare detachably coupled by screwing, and thus the writing body can bereplaceable.
 40. The thermochromic writing instrument of claim 38,wherein the front barrel is provided with a grip unit made from anelastic material.
 41. The thermochromic writing instrument of claim 38,wherein a first or second long hole longitudinally extending and openedat a front or rear end is provided respectively on respective side wallsof the intermediate barrel and the rear barrel, and when coupling theintermediate barrel and the rear barrel, the first and second long holesform the slide hole in communication with each other.
 42. Thethermochromic writing instrument of claim 41, wherein respective sidewalls of the intermediate barrel and the rear barrel are coupled toradially overlap with each other, and the first and second long holesform the slide hole in communication with each other in a conditionradially overlapping with each other.
 43. The thermochromic writinginstrument of claim 41, wherein the operation body is assembled with theslide hole obtained by: inserting a base portion of the operation bodyinto the first long hole provided in the intermediate barrel; andforming the slide hole by coupling the rear barrel to the intermediatebarrel to communicate the second long hole with the first long hole. 44.The thermochromic writing instrument of claim 38, wherein thethermochromic writing instrument includes a cam mechanism in theintermediate barrel as an appearance mechanism putting the nib of thewriting body from a retraction condition into a projection condition,the cam mechanism includes a cam and a projection capable of alternatelyengaging with each other at longitudinally different positions, and byslide operating the operation body forward, the cam and the projectionare alternately engaged with each other at longitudinally differentpositions to alternately put the nib of the writing body in theprojection condition or the retraction condition.
 45. The thermochromicwriting instrument of claim 44, wherein the front barrel includestherein, as the appearance mechanism, a plurality of longitudinallyextending cam teeth and cam grooves alternately placed along acircumferential direction, a rotary member having a plurality ofprojected ribs rotatably placed in the rear of the writing body andcapable of alternately engaging with the cam teeth or the cam grooves,another plurality of cam teeth provided in the operation body andturning the rotary member, and an biasing member biasing the writingbody backward, and by slide operating the operation body forward againsta biasing force of the biasing member, the projected ribs arealternately engaged with the cam teeth or the cam grooves to alternatelyput the nib of the writing body in the projection condition or theretraction condition.
 46. The thermochromic writing instrument of claim45, wherein the operation body has a stem stored in the intermediatebarrel and extending longitudinally, and the stem and the rotary memberare locked to each other in a condition having longitudinal allowance.47. The thermochromic writing instrument of claim 38, wherein thethermochromic writing instrument includes only a single clip body as theoperation body, and by operating the single clip body, the nib of thewriting body is enabled to be put in a projection condition and aretraction condition.
 48. The thermochromic writing instrument of claim47, wherein a longitudinally extending guide groove is formed on anouter surface of the intermediate barrel forward of the slide hole, aprojected bump is provided on a front inner surface of the clip body,and the bump longitudinally slides in the guide groove in associationwith a longitudinal movement of the clip body.
 49. The thermochromicwriting instrument of claim 38, wherein the friction unit is made from alow wear elastic material, and a portion of the friction unit abuts onthe clip body in a nib retraction condition.
 50. The thermochromicwriting instrument of claim 38, wherein the friction unit is made from alow wear elastic material, and is fastened to the rear end of the rearbarrel by press fitting, engaging, screwing, fitting, adhesion, and twocolor molding, or an entire of the rear barrel is formed with theelastic material as the friction unit.
 51. The thermochromic writinginstrument of claim 38, wherein an outward projection is formed on anouter surface of the intermediate barrel, an inward projection is formedon an inner surface of the rear barrel, and the outward projection onthe outer surface of the intermediate barrel and the inward projectionon the inner surface of the rear barrel climb over and are engaged witheach other.
 52. The thermochromic writing instrument of claim 45,wherein the operation body has a stem stored in the intermediate barreland extending longitudinally, a cylindrical body attached to the stem, aplurality of guide projections is formed on the outer surface of thecylindrical body, the guide projections are engaged with the cam grooveslongitudinally movably therealong, a plurality of cam teeth is formed atthe front end of the cylindrical body, and the cam teeth of thecylindrical body abut on the projected ribs of the rotary member. 53.The thermochromic writing instrument of claim 52, wherein an outwardprojection is formed on an outer surface of the stem, an internal holepenetrates longitudinally the cylindrical body, an inward projection isformed on an inner surface of the internal hole, and the outwardprojection on the outer surface of the stem and the inward projection onthe inner surface of the internal hole climb over and are engaged witheach other.
 54. A thermochromic writing instrument, comprising: awriting body storing a thermochromic ink therein, stored in a barrel; anoperation body provided at the barrel to be operated to longitudinallymove the writing body; a nib of the writing body configured to becapable of appearing from a front end of the writing instrument, whereinthe writing instrument further includes a friction unit made from a lowwear elastic material for rubbing handwriting in the thermochromic inkand capable of thermally changing the color of the handwriting byfrictional heat generated at that time at a rear end of the barrel and alongitudinally extending slide hole provided in a side wall of thebarrel, and an appearance mechanism putting the nib of the writing bodyfrom a retraction condition into a projection condition by slideoperating the operation body placed in the slide hole forward, thebarrel includes therein, as the appearance mechanism, a plurality oflongitudinally extending cam teeth and cam grooves alternately placedalong a circumferential direction, a rotary member having a plurality ofprojected ribs rotatably placed in the rear of the writing body andcapable of alternately engaging with the cam teeth or the cam grooves,another plurality of cam teeth provided in the operation body andturning the rotary member, and an biasing member biasing the writingbody backward, by slide operating the operation body forward against abiasing force of the biasing member, the projected ribs are alternatelyengaged with the cam teeth or the cam grooves at longitudinallydifferent positions to alternately put the nib of the writing body inthe projection condition or the retraction condition, the barrelincludes a plurality of components, of which component having the slidehole is provided with the cam teeth and the cam grooves on an innersurface of the side wall and a guide groove is provided, which guidegroove longitudinally extends forward of the slide hole of an outersurface of the side wall, and the operation body is a clip body and aprojected bump is provided on a front inner surface of the clip body,and the bump longitudinally slides in the guide groove in associationwith a longitudinal movement of the clip body.
 55. The thermochromicwriting instrument of claim 54, wherein the clip body has a stem storedin the intermediate barrel and extending longitudinally, and the stemand the rotary member are locked to each other in a condition havinglongitudinal allowance.
 56. The thermochromic writing instrument ofclaim 54, wherein the friction unit is made from a low wear elasticmaterial, and a portion of the friction unit abuts on the clip body in anib retraction condition.
 57. The thermochromic writing instrument ofclaim 54, wherein the friction unit is made from a low wear elasticmaterial, and is fastened to a component configuring a rear end of thebarrel by press fitting, engaging, screwing, fitting, adhesion, and twocolor molding, or an entire of the component configuring a rear end ofthe barrel is formed with the elastic material as the friction unit. 58.The thermochromic writing instrument of claim 54, wherein the clip bodyhas a stem stored in the intermediate barrel and extendinglongitudinally, a cylindrical body attached to the stem, guideprojections are formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical body, theguide projections are engaged with the cam grooves longitudinallymovably therealong, cam teeth are formed at the front end of thecylindrical body, and the cam teeth of the cylindrical body abut on theprojected ribs of the rotary member.
 59. The thermochromic writinginstrument of claim 58, wherein an outward projection is formed on anouter surface of the stem, an internal hole penetrates longitudinallythe cylindrical body, an inward projection is formed on an inner surfaceof the internal hole, and the outward projection on the outer surface ofthe stem and the inward projection on the inner surface of the internalhole climb over and are engaged with each other.